---
title: Deuteronomy 4:28 (JPS 1917) — And there ye shall serve gods, the work of men's hands, wood and sto… · tree and pragmatics
description: And there ye shall serve gods, the work of men's hands, wood and stone, which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell. Who acts: ye, gods, hands. Deuteronomy 4:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 4:28 · JPS 1917

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And there ye shall serve gods, the work of men's hands, wood and stone, which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell.

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**Who acts:** ye, gods, hands · **What happens:** serve, see, hear, eat, smell, work · **To what, where:** gods

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This is Deuteronomy 4:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, gods, hands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:140
# text = And there ye shall serve gods, the work of men's hands, wood and stone, which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
3	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
20	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	21	cc:preconj	_	_
21	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	24	cc	_	_
24	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	27	cc	_	_
27	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	30	cc	_	_
30	smell	smell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | shall | ye | gods |  | there |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Attribute |
| 2 | **see** | present | gods |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **hear** | infinitive | gods *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **eat** | infinitive | gods *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **smell** | infinitive | gods *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **work** |  | men's hands and wood and stone |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַעֲבַדְתֶּם־שָׁ֣ם אֱלֹהִ֔ים מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יְדֵ֣י אָדָ֑ם עֵ֣ץ וָאֶ֔בֶן אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יִרְאוּן֙ וְלֹ֣א יִשְׁמְע֔וּן וְלֹ֥א יֹֽאכְל֖וּן וְלֹ֥א יְרִיחֻֽן׃

[Deuteronomy 4:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.28/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:140` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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