---
title: Deuteronomy 1:19 (JPS 1917) — And we journeyed from Horeb, and went through all that great and dre… · tree and pragmatics
description: And we journeyed from Horeb, and went through all that great and dreadful wilderness which ye saw, by the way to the hill-country of the Amorites, as the LORD our God commanded us; and we came to Kadesh-barnea. Who acts: we, ye, LORD. Deuteronomy 1:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Deuteronomy 1:19 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And we journeyed from Horeb, and went through all that great and dreadful wilderness which ye saw, by the way to the hill-country of the Amorites, as the LORD our God commanded us; and we came to Kadesh-barnea.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** we, ye, LORD · **What happens:** journey, go, see, command, come · **To what, where:** Horeb, great wilderness, us, Kadesh barnea · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Deuteronomy 1:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, ye, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:18
# text = And we journeyed from Horeb, and went through all that great and dreadful wilderness which ye saw, by the way to the hill-country of the Amorites, as the LORD our God commanded us; and we came to Kadesh-barnea.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	journeyed	journey	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Horeb	Horeb	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
11	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
15	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	obj	_	_
17	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nsubj	_	_
18	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	_
27	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	Amorites	Amorites	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
32	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
35	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	appos	_	_
37	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
38	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
41	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
42	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
43	to	to	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
44	Kadesh	Kadesh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	compound	_	_
45	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	44	punct	_	_
46	barnea	barnea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **journey** | past | we |  |  | Horeb |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from horeb=Trajectory |
| 2 | **go** | past | we *not said here* |  |  | all great wilderness |  | by the way to the hill country of the Amorites | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through wilderness=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **see** | past | ye | all great wilderness |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus |
| 4 | **command** | past | the LORD | us |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent we=Theme |
| 5 | **come** | past | we |  |  | Kadesh barnea |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to barnea=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַנִּסַּ֣ע מֵחֹרֵ֗ב וַנֵּ֡לֶךְ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַמִּדְבָּ֣ר הַגָּדוֹל֩ וְהַנּוֹרָ֨א הַה֜וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר רְאִיתֶ֗ם דֶּ֚רֶךְ הַ֣ר הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֛ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ אֹתָ֑נוּ וַנָּבֹ֕א עַ֖ד קָדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַ קָדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַ׃

[Deuteronomy 1:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.1.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:18` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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