--- title: Deuteronomy 1:22 (JPS 1917) — And ye came near unto me every one of you, and said: 'Let us send me… · tree and pragmatics description: And ye came near unto me every one of you, and said: 'Let us send men before us, that they may search the land for us, and bring us back word of the way by which we must go up, and the cities unto which we shall come.' Who acts: ye, us, men, we. Deuteronomy 1:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/1/) / [1:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.1.22/) / JPS 1 # Deuteronomy 1:22 · JPS 1917 And ye came near unto me every one of you, and said: 'Let us send men before us, that they may search the land for us, and bring us back word of the way by which we must go up, and the cities unto which we shall come.' **Who acts:** ye, us, men, we · **What happens:** come, say, let, send, search, bring back · **To what, where:** us, men, land, word, way · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Deuteronomy 1:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, us, men, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DEU:21 # text = And ye came near unto me every one of you, and said: 'Let us send men before us, that they may search the land for us, and bring us back word of the way by which we must go up, and the cities unto which we shall come.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 near near ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 7 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 8 det _ _ 8 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 2 appos _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 14 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 15 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 16 punct _ _ 16 Let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 13 ccomp _ _ 17 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ _ 18 send send VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ _ 19 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 20 before before ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 that that SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 24 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 25 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 26 search search VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 advcl _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 for for ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 conj _ _ 34 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 iobj _ _ 35 back back ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 36 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 40 by by ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 44 obl _ _ 42 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 43 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 39 acl:relcl _ _ 45 up up ADP RP _ 44 compound:prt _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 conj _ _ 50 unto unto ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 54 obl _ _ 52 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 54 nsubj _ _ 53 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 54 aux _ _ 54 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 49 acl:relcl _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ 56 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: suggest - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | ye | | | | | unto me; near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | ye *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **let** | infinitive | | us | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **send** | infinitive | us *not said here* | men | | | before us | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme | | 5 | **search** | may | men *= man* | the land | | | | for us | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent land=Location for we=Theme | | 6 | **bring back** | infinitive | men *= man* *not said here* | word of the way and the cities | us | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent we=Destination word=Theme | | 7 | **go up** | must | we | | | | | by the way and the cities | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 8 | **come** | shall | we | | | | | unto the cities | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **word** | | | the way and the cities | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַתִּקְרְב֣וּן אֵלַי֮ כֻּלְּכֶם֒ וַתֹּאמְר֗וּ נִשְׁלְחָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ לְפָנֵ֔ינוּ וְיַחְפְּרוּ־לָ֖נוּ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיָשִׁ֤בוּ אֹתָ֙נוּ֙ דָּבָ֔ר אֶת־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲלֶה־בָּ֔הּ וְאֵת֙ הֶֽעָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָבֹ֖א אֲלֵיהֶֽן׃ [Deuteronomy 1:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.1.22/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:21` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 1:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.20/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 1:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.22/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 1:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.1.22/)