---
title: Deuteronomy 9:1 (JPS 1917) — Hear, O Israel: thou art to pass over the Jordan this day, to go in… · tree and pragmatics
description: Hear, O Israel: thou art to pass over the Jordan this day, to go in to dispossess nations greater and mightier than thyself, cities great and fortified up to heaven, Who acts: you, thou. Deuteronomy 9:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 9:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hear, O Israel: thou art to pass over the Jordan this day, to go in to dispossess nations greater and mightier than thyself, cities great and fortified up to heaven,

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, thou · **What happens:** hear, pass, go in, dispossess, fortify up · **To what, where:** Jordan, nations

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Deuteronomy 9:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:267
# text = Hear, O Israel: thou art to pass over the Jordan this day, to go in to dispossess nations greater and mightier than thyself, cities great and fortified up to heaven,
1	Hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
4	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	vocative	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
7	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	dispossess	dispossess	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
21	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	21	amod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	mightier	mighty	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	22	conj	_	_
25	than	than	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	22	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	appos	_	_
29	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	fortified	fortify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	conj	_	_
32	up	up	ADP	RP	_	31	compound:prt	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | Israel *vocative* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **pass** | present | thou |  |  | the Jordan | day |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over jordan=Location |
| 3 | **go in** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **dispossess** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | nations |  |  |  |  | vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nation=Source |
| 5 | **fortify up** | participle | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to heaven | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
שְׁמַ֣ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אַתָּ֨ה עֹבֵ֤ר הַיּוֹם֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן לָבֹא֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת גּוֹיִ֔ם גְּדֹלִ֥ים וַעֲצֻמִ֖ים מִמֶּ֑ךָּ עָרִ֛ים גְּדֹלֹ֥ת וּבְצֻרֹ֖ת בַּשָּׁמָֽיִם׃

[Deuteronomy 9:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.9.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:267` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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