---
title: Deuteronomy 1:29 (JPS 1917) — Then I said unto you: 'Dread not, neither be afraid of them. · tree and pragmatics
description: Then I said unto you: 'Dread not, neither be afraid of them. Who acts: I. Deuteronomy 1:29 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 1:29 · JPS 1917

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Then I said unto you: 'Dread not, neither be afraid of them.

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** say, not dread, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Deuteronomy 1:29 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:28
# text = Then I said unto you: 'Dread not, neither be afraid of them.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Dread	dread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	13	cc	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
13	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request, polarity=none

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I |  |  |  | then | unto you | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **dread** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of cities *= city*; afraid *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וָאֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵכֶ֑ם לֹא־תַֽעַרְצ֥וּן וְֽלֹא־תִֽירְא֖וּן מֵהֶֽם׃

[Deuteronomy 1:29: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.1.29/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:28` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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