---
title: Deuteronomy 1:31 (JPS 1917) — and in the wilderness, where thou hast seen how that the LORD thy Go… · tree and pragmatics
description: and in the wilderness, where thou hast seen how that the LORD thy God bore thee, as a man doth bear his son, in all the way that ye went, until ye came unto this place. Who acts: thou, LORD, man, ye. Deuteronomy 1:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 1:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and in the wilderness, where thou hast seen how that the LORD thy God bore thee, as a man doth bear his son, in all the way that ye went, until ye came unto this place.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thou, LORD, man, ye · **What happens:** see, bear, go, come · **To what, where:** thee, son, way · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Deuteronomy 1:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, LORD, man, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:30
# text = and in the wilderness, where thou hast seen how that the LORD thy God bore thee, as a man doth bear his son, in all the way that ye went, until ye came unto this place.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
7	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
8	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
16	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
17	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	obj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
19	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
22	doth	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	30	det:predet	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
31	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	obj	_	_
32	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
33	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	acl:relcl	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
36	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nsubj	_	_
37	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	advcl	_	_
38	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	40	det	_	_
40	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present · perfect | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **bear** | past | the LORD | thee |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Patient |
| 3 | **bear** | present · do-support | a man | LORD's son |  | all way |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 4 | **go** | past | ye | all way |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location that=Theme |
| 5 | **come** | past | ye |  |  |  |  | unto this place | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּבַמִּדְבָּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָאִ֔יתָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נְשָׂאֲךָ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשָּׂא־אִ֖ישׁאֶת־בְּנ֑וֹ בְּכָל־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֲלַכְתֶּ֔ם עַד־בֹּאֲכֶ֖ם עַד־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

[Deuteronomy 1:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.1.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:30` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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