---
title: Deuteronomy 1:33 (JPS 1917) — Who went before you in the way, to seek you out a place to pitch you… · tree and pragmatics
description: Who went before you in the way, to seek you out a place to pitch your tents in: in fire by night, to show you by what way ye should go, and in the cloud by day.' Who acts: ye, night, day. Deuteronomy 1:33 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 1:33 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Who went before you in the way, to seek you out a place to pitch your tents in: in fire by night, to show you by what way ye should go, and in the cloud by day.'

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**Who acts:** ye, night, day · **What happens:** go, seek out, pitch, show, fire, cloud · **To what, where:** way, you, tents

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This is Deuteronomy 1:33 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, night, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:32
# text = Who went before you in the way, to seek you out a place to pitch your tents in: in fire by night, to show you by what way ye should go, and in the cloud by day.'
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	before	before	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	seek	seek	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	pitch	pitch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl	_	_
17	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	tents	tent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
28	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	27	iobj	_	_
29	by	by	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	what	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	31	det	_	_
31	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	34	nsubj	_	_
33	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	acl:relcl	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
40	by	by	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
43	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past |  |  |  | the way | before you | in fire by night and the cloud by day | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before you=Location |
| 2 | **seek out** | to-infinitive |  | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pitch** | to-infinitive |  | your tents |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tent=Theme |
| 4 | **show** | to-infinitive |  |  | you |  |  | by what way | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |
| 5 | **go** | should | ye | what way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme |
| 6 | **fire** |  | night |  |  |  |  |  | nom fire «event transitive»: by=agent |
| 7 | **cloud** |  | day |  |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: by=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הַהֹלֵ֨ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֜ם בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ לָת֥וּר לָכֶ֛ם מָק֖וֹם לַֽחֲנֹֽתְכֶ֑ם בָּאֵ֣שׁ ׀ לַ֗יְלָה לַרְאֹֽתְכֶם֙ בַּדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָ֔הּ וּבֶעָנָ֖ן יוֹמָֽם׃

[Deuteronomy 1:33: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.1.33/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:32` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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