---
title: Deuteronomy 14:19 (JPS 1917) — And all winged swarming things are unclean unto you; they shall not… · tree and pragmatics
description: And all winged swarming things are unclean unto you; they shall not be eaten. Who acts: winged swarming things. Deuteronomy 14:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 14:19 · JPS 1917

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And all winged swarming things are unclean unto you; they shall not be eaten.

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**Who acts:** winged swarming things · **What happens:** swarm, be, not eat · **To what, where:** kinds

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This is Deuteronomy 14:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (winged swarming things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:420
# text = And all winged swarming things are unclean unto you; they shall not be eaten.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
3	winged	wing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	swarming	swarm	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	amod	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swarm** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | all winged swarming things |  |  |  |  | unto you; unclean *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **eat** | shall · passive |  | kinds *= kind* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְכֹל֙ שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶ֑ם לֹ֖א יֵאָכֵֽלוּ׃

[Deuteronomy 14:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.14.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:420` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Deuteronomy 14:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.419/)
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