--- title: Deuteronomy 15:7 (JPS 1917) — If there be among you a needy man, one of thy brethren, within any o… · tree and pragmatics description: If there be among you a needy man, one of thy brethren, within any of thy gates, in thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thy heart, nor shut thy hand from thy needy brother; Who acts: needy man, LORD, thou. Deuteronomy 15:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.438/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/15/) / [15:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.15.7/) / JPS 1 # Deuteronomy 15:7 · JPS 1917 If there be among you a needy man, one of thy brethren, within any of thy gates, in thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thy heart, nor shut thy hand from thy needy brother; **Who acts:** needy man, LORD, thou · **What happens:** be, give, not harden, shut · **To what, where:** land, thee, heart, hand This is Deuteronomy 15:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (needy man, LORD, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DEU:438 # text = If there be among you a needy man, one of thy brethren, within any of thy gates, in thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thy heart, nor shut thy hand from thy needy brother; 1 If if SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 3 expl _ _ 3 be be VERB VBP Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin 35 advcl _ _ 4 among among ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 needy needy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 8 appos _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 brethren brethren NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 within within ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 8 nmod _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 gates gate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 24 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 29 obj _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 27 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 appos _ _ 29 giveth give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 acl:relcl _ _ 30 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 29 iobj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 32 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 35 nsubj _ _ 33 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 35 advmod _ _ 35 harden harden VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 36 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 39 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 40 cc _ _ 40 shut shut VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 conj _ _ 41 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 43 from from ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 44 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 46 nmod:poss _ _ 45 needy needy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 46 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 47 ; ; PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **be** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a needy man within any | | | there | | among you | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among you=Location | | 2 | **give** | present | the LORD | thy land | thee | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient which=Theme | | 3 | **not** **harden** | shall | thou | thy heart | | thy land | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | | 4 | **shut** | infinitive | thou *not said here* | thy hand | | | | from thy needy brother | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּֽי־יִהְיֶה֩ בְךָ֨ אֶבְי֜וֹן מֵאַחַ֤ד אַחֶ֙יךָ֙ בְּאַחַ֣ד שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ בְּאַ֨רְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ נֹתֵ֣ן לָ֑ךְ לֹ֧א תְאַמֵּ֣ץ אֶת־לְבָבְךָ֗ וְלֹ֤א תִקְפֹּץ֙ אֶת־יָ֣דְךָ֔ מֵאָחִ֖יךָ הָאֶבְיֽוֹן׃ [Deuteronomy 15:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.15.7/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:438` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 15:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.437/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 15:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.439/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 15:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.15.7/)