---
title: Deuteronomy 16:1 (JPS 1917) — Observe the month of Abib, and keep the passover unto the LORD thy G… · tree and pragmatics
description: Observe the month of Abib, and keep the passover unto the LORD thy God; for in the month of Abib the LORD thy God brought thee forth out of Egypt by night. Who acts: you, LORD. Deuteronomy 16:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 16:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Observe the month of Abib, and keep the passover unto the LORD thy God; for in the month of Abib the LORD thy God brought thee forth out of Egypt by night.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, LORD · **What happens:** observe, keep, bring · **To what, where:** passover, thee, Egypt

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Deuteronomy 16:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:456
# text = Observe the month of Abib, and keep the passover unto the LORD thy God; for in the month of Abib the LORD thy God brought thee forth out of Egypt by night.
1	Observe	observe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Abib	Abib	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	passover	passover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
17	for	for	CCONJ	IN	_	27	cc	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Abib	Abib	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
25	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	appos	_	_
27	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
28	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	obj	_	_
29	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
30	out	out	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
33	by	by	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | month |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **keep** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the passover |  |  |  | unto the LORD | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent passover=Theme |
| 3 | **bring** | past | the LORD | thee |  | Egypt | month; night | forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent thou=Theme out egypt=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
שָׁמוֹר֙ אֶת־חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָאָבִ֔יב וְעָשִׂ֣יתָ פֶּ֔סַח לַיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כִּ֞י בְּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽאָבִ֗יב הוֹצִ֨יאֲךָ֜ יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ מִמִּצְרַ֖יִם לָֽיְלָה׃

[Deuteronomy 16:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.16.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:456` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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