--- title: Deuteronomy 16:18 (JPS 1917) — Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the… · tree and pragmatics description: Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, tribe by tribe; and they shall judge the people with righteous judgment. Who acts: thou, LORD, Judges. Deuteronomy 16:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.473/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/16/) / [16:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.16.18/) / JPS 1 # Deuteronomy 16:18 · JPS 1917 Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, tribe by tribe; and they shall judge the people with righteous judgment. **Who acts:** thou, LORD, Judges · **What happens:** make, give, judge · **To what, where:** Judges, gates, thee, people This is Deuteronomy 16:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, LORD, Judges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DEU:473 # text = Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, tribe by tribe; and they shall judge the people with righteous judgment. 1 Judges judge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 officers officer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 4 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 5 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 6 nsubj _ _ 6 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 6 obj _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 9 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 11 det:predet _ _ 10 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 gates gate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 13 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 obj _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 16 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 appos _ _ 18 giveth give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ _ 19 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 18 iobj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 tribe tribe NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod:unmarked _ _ 22 by by ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 tribe tribe NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 judge judge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 31 with with ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 righteous righteous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 judgment judgment NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: changed act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | shall | thou | Judges and officers | | thy gates tribe by tribe | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset judge=Beneficiary thou=Product | | 2 | **give** | present | the LORD | thy gates tribe by tribe | thee | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient which=Theme | | 3 | **judge** | shall | Judges *= judge* | the people | | | | with righteous judgment | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent people=Value | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} שֹׁפְטִ֣ים וְשֹֽׁטְרִ֗ים תִּֽתֶּן־לְךָ֙ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ לִשְׁבָטֶ֑יךָ וְשָׁפְט֥וּ אֶת־הָעָ֖ם מִשְׁפַּט־צֶֽדֶק׃ [Deuteronomy 16:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.16.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:473` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 16:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.472/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 16:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.474/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 16:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.16.18/)