---
title: Deuteronomy 20:1 (JPS 1917) — When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and seest hor… · tree and pragmatics
description: When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, thou shalt not be afraid of them; for the LORD thy God is with thee, who brought thee up out of the land of Egypt. Who acts: thou, LORD. Deuteronomy 20:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependenc
---

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# Deuteronomy 20:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, thou shalt not be afraid of them; for the LORD thy God is with thee, who brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thou, LORD · **What happens:** go, battle, see, not be, be, bring up · **To what, where:** horses, thee, land

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Deuteronomy 20:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:542
# text = When thou goest forth to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, thou shalt not be afraid of them; for the LORD thy God is with thee, who brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	3	mark	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	goest	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	advcl	_	_
4	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	battle	battle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	seest	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
21	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
22	than	than	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	21	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nsubj	_	_
26	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	cop	_	_
29	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obl	_	_
32	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
33	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	nsubj	_	_
36	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	appos	_	_
38	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
39	with	with	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	advcl	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
42	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	43	nsubj	_	_
43	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	acl:relcl	_	_
44	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	43	obj	_	_
45	up	up	ADP	RP	_	43	compound:prt	_	_
46	out	out	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, polarity=none, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | thou |  |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **battle** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against thine enemies | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **see** | present | thou *not said here* | horses and chariots and a people |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horse=Stimulus |
| 4 | **not** **is** | shall | thou |  |  |  |  | of people; afraid *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | with thee | tree rules |
| 6 | **bring up** | past |  | thee |  | the land of Egypt |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent thou=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּֽי־תֵצֵ֨א לַמִּלְחָמָ֜ה עַל־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ וְֽרָאִ֜יתָ ס֤וּס וָרֶ֙כֶב֙ עַ֚ם רַ֣ב מִמְּךָ֔ לֹ֥א תִירָ֖א מֵהֶ֑ם כִּֽי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ הַמַּֽעַלְךָ֖ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

[Deuteronomy 20:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.20.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:542` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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