--- title: Deuteronomy 21:23 (JPS 1917) — his body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt su… · tree and pragmatics description: his body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt surely bury him the same day; for he that is hanged is a reproach unto God; that thou defile not thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance. Who acts: body, thou, man, LORD. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (body, thou, man, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DEU:584 # text = his body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt surely bury him the same day; for he that is hanged is a reproach unto God; that thou defile not thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance. 1 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 remain remain VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 7 det _ _ 7 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl:unmarked _ _ 8 upon upon ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 but but CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 13 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 16 nsubj _ _ 14 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 surely surely ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 bury bury VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 17 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl:unmarked _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 22 for for SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 23 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 24 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 hanged hang VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 acl:relcl _ _ 27 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 reproach reproach NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 advcl _ _ 30 unto unto ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 33 that that SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 35 nsubj _ _ 35 defile defile VERB VB Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 36 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 35 advmod _ _ 37 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 39 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 44 obj _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ _ 42 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 appos _ _ 44 giveth give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 acl:relcl _ _ 45 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 44 iobj _ _ 46 for for ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 inheritance inheritance NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **remain** | shall | man's body | | | the tree | night | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon tree=Location | | 2 | **bury** | shall | thou | man | | | day | surely *property* | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 3 | **hang** | present · passive | | | | | | | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **is a** | present | man | a reproach | | | | unto God | tree rules | | 5 | **not** **defile** | infinitive | thou | thy land | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **give** | present | the LORD | thy land | thee | | | for a inheritance | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient which=Theme for inheritance=Asset | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} לֹא־תָלִ֨ין נִבְלָת֜וֹ עַל־הָעֵ֗ץ כִּֽי־קָב֤וֹר תִּקְבְּרֶ֙נּוּ֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא כִּֽי־קִלְלַ֥ת אֱלֹהִ֖ים תָּל֑וּי וְלֹ֤א תְטַמֵּא֙ אֶת־אַדְמָ֣תְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ נַחֲלָֽה׃ס [Deuteronomy 21:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.21.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:584` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 21:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.583/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 22:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.585/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 21:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.21.23/)