---
title: Deuteronomy 24:12 (JPS 1917) — And if he be a poor man, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge; · tree and pragmatics
description: And if he be a poor man, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge; Who acts: man, thou. Deuteronomy 24:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 24:12 · JPS 1917

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And if he be a poor man, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge;

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**Who acts:** man, thou · **What happens:** be, not sleep, pledge · **To what, where:** poor man

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This is Deuteronomy 24:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:651
# text = And if he be a poor man, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	advcl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
10	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=request, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | man | a poor man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **sleep** | shall | thou |  |  |  |  | with man's pledge | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pledge** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom pledge «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאִם־אִ֥ישׁ עָנִ֖י ה֑וּא לֹ֥א תִשְׁכַּ֖ב בַּעֲבֹטֽוֹ׃

[Deuteronomy 24:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.24.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:651` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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