---
title: Deuteronomy 25:2 (JPS 1917) — then it shall be, if the wicked man deserve to be beaten, that the j… · tree and pragmatics
description: then it shall be, if the wicked man deserve to be beaten, that the judge shall cause him to lie down, and to be beaten before his face, according to the measure of his wickedness, by number. Who acts: wicked man, judge, him, number. Deuteronomy 25:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Deuteronomy 25:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
then it shall be, if the wicked man deserve to be beaten, that the judge shall cause him to lie down, and to be beaten before his face, according to the measure of his wickedness, by number.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wicked man, judge, him, number · **What happens:** deserve, beat, cause, lie down, accord, measure · **To what, where:** him, face, wickedness

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Deuteronomy 25:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wicked man, judge, him, number), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:663
# text = then it shall be, if the wicked man deserve to be beaten, that the judge shall cause him to lie down, and to be beaten before his face, according to the measure of his wickedness, by number.
1	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	deserve	deserve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Sub|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	xcomp	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
23	down	down	ADV	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	conj	_	_
29	before	before	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	36	case	_	_
34	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	fixed	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	measure	measure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	wickedness	wickedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deserve** | present | the wicked man |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **beat** | to-infinitive · passive | the wicked man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V» |
| 3 | **cause** | shall | the judge | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **lie down** | to-infinitive | him *= he* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **beat** | to-infinitive · passive | number |  |  | his face |  | accord the measure of his wickedness | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before face=Location |
| 6 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **measure** |  |  | his wickedness |  |  |  |  | nom measure «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהָיָ֛ה אִם־בִּ֥ן הַכּ֖וֹת הָרָשָׁ֑ע וְהִפִּיל֤וֹ הַשֹּׁפֵט֙ וְהִכָּ֣הוּ לְפָנָ֔יו כְּדֵ֥י רִשְׁעָת֖וֹ בְּמִסְפָּֽר׃

[Deuteronomy 25:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.25.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:663` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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