---
title: Deuteronomy 2:30 (JPS 1917) — But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for the LORD… · tree and pragmatics
description: But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day. Who acts: Sihon king, us, LORD. Deuteronomy 2:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Deuteronomy 2:30 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day.

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**Who acts:** Sihon king, us, LORD · **What happens:** not let, pass, harden, make, deliver, appear · **To what, where:** us, spirit, heart, king, hand

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Deuteronomy 2:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sihon king, us, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:76
# text = But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	Sihon	Sihon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Heshbon	Heshbon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
14	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
17	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	hardened	harden	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	obstinate	obstinate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	xcomp	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
30	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	advcl	_	_
33	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	into	into	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
39	appeareth	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
40	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	41	det	_	_
41	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl:unmarked	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **let** | would | Sihon king of Heshbon | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by king | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by he=Location |
| 3 | **harden** | past | the LORD | LORD's spirit |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent spirit=Patient |
| 4 | **make** | past | the LORD *not said here* | LORD's heart |  |  |  | obstinate *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heart=Product |
| 5 | **deliver** | might | LORD | king |  | thy hand |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 6 | **appear** | present | LORD *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְלֹ֣א אָבָ֗ה סִיחֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן הַעֲבִרֵ֖נוּ בּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־הִקְשָׁה֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ אֶת־רוּח֗וֹ וְאִמֵּץ֙ אֶת־לְבָב֔וֹ לְמַ֛עַן תִּתּ֥וֹ בְיָדְךָ֖ כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ס

[Deuteronomy 2:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.2.30/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:76` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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