--- title: Deuteronomy 28:31 (JPS 1917) — Thine ox shall be slain before thine eyes, and thou shalt not eat th… · tree and pragmatics description: Thine ox shall be slain before thine eyes, and thou shalt not eat thereof; thine ass shall be violently taken away from before thy face, and shall not be restored to thee; thy sheep shall be given unto thine enemies; and thou shalt have none to save thee. Who acts: thou. Deuteronomy 28:31 in JPS 191 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.768/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/28/) / [28:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.28.31/) / JPS 1 # Deuteronomy 28:31 · JPS 1917 Thine ox shall be slain before thine eyes, and thou shalt not eat thereof; thine ass shall be violently taken away from before thy face, and shall not be restored to thee; thy sheep shall be given unto thine enemies; and thou shalt have none to save thee. **Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** slay, not eat, take away, not restore, give, have · **To what, where:** ox, ass, face, thee, sheep, none This is Deuteronomy 28:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DEU:768 # text = Thine ox shall be slain before thine eyes, and thou shalt not eat thereof; thine ass shall be violently taken away from before thy face, and shall not be restored to thee; thy sheep shall be given unto thine enemies; and thou shalt have none to save thee. 1 Thine thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 ox ox NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 slain slay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 before before ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 thine thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 11 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 14 nsubj _ _ 12 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 13 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 14 advmod _ _ 14 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 15 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 17 thine thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 ass ass NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj:pass _ _ 19 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 20 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 22 aux:pass _ _ 21 violently violently ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 parataxis _ _ 23 away away ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 from from ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 before before ADP IN _ 24 fixed _ _ 26 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 30 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 31 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 33 advmod _ _ 32 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 33 aux:pass _ _ 33 restored restore VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 conj _ _ 34 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 33 obl _ _ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 37 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 sheep sheep NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj:pass _ _ 39 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 40 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 41 aux:pass _ _ 41 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 parataxis _ _ 42 unto unto ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 thine thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 enemies enemy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obl _ _ 45 ; ; PUNCT : _ 49 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 47 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 49 nsubj _ _ 48 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 49 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 conj _ _ 50 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 49 obj _ _ 51 to to PART TO _ 52 mark _ _ 52 save save VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 50 acl _ _ 53 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 52 obj _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **slay** | shall · passive | | Thine ox | | | before thine eyes | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **not** **eat** | shall | thou | | | | | thereof *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **take away** | shall · passive | | thine ass | | thy face | | away, violently *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Theme from face=Initial\_Location | | 4 | **not** **restore** | shall · passive | | | thee | | | | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: to thou=Recipient | | 5 | **give** | shall · passive | | thy sheep | | | | unto thine enemies | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 6 | **have** | shall | thou | none | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent none=Patient | | 7 | **save** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | thee | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} שׁוֹרְךָ֞ טָב֣וּחַ לְעֵינֶ֗יךָ וְלֹ֣א תֹאכַל֮ מִמֶּנּוּ֒ חֲמֹֽרְךָ֙ גָּז֣וּל מִלְּפָנֶ֔יךָ וְלֹ֥א יָשׁ֖וּב לָ֑ךְ צֹֽאנְךָ֙ נְתֻנ֣וֹת לְאֹיְבֶ֔יךָ וְאֵ֥ין לְךָ֖ מוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃ [Deuteronomy 28:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.28.31/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:768` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 28:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.767/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 28:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.769/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 28:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.28.31/)