--- title: Deuteronomy 31:7 (JPS 1917) — And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all… · tree and pragmatics description: And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel: 'Be strong and of good courage; for thou shalt go with this people into the land which the LORD hath sworn unto their fathers to give them; and thou shalt cause them to inherit it. Who acts: Moses, thou, LORD, nations. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moses, thou, LORD, nations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DEU:861 # text = And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel: 'Be strong and of good courage; for thou shalt go with this people into the land which the LORD hath sworn unto their fathers to give them; and thou shalt cause them to inherit it. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Moses Moses PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 called call VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 9 unto unto ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 16 det _ _ 16 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 18 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ _ 19 Be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 20 cop _ _ 20 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 ccomp _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 courage courage NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 26 for for SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 29 nsubj _ _ 28 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 advcl _ _ 30 with with ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 32 det _ _ 32 people people NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 33 into into ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 36 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 40 obj _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 39 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 sworn swear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 35 acl:relcl _ _ 41 unto unto ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 fathers father NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obl _ _ 44 to to PART TO _ 45 mark _ _ 45 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 advcl _ _ 46 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 iobj _ _ 47 ; ; PUNCT : _ 51 punct _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 49 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 51 nsubj _ _ 50 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 51 cause cause VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 conj _ _ 52 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 obj _ _ 53 to to PART TO _ 54 mark _ _ 54 inherit inherit VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 51 xcomp _ _ 55 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 54 obj _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: pos - teacher: changed act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | past | Moses | | | | | unto Joshua | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Moses *not said here* | | | the sight of all Israel | | unto LORD | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in sight=Manner | | 3 | **is** | infinitive | | | | | | strong *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **go** | shall | thou | | | the land | | with this people | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into land=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **swear** | present · perfect | the LORD | the land | | | | unto nations's fathers | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent which=Eventuality | | 6 | **give** | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | | nations *= nation* | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 7 | **cause** | shall | thou | nations *= nation* | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **inherit** | to-infinitive | nations *= nation* *not said here* | courage | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 9 | **sight** | | | all Israel | | | | | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּקְרָ֨א מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו לְעֵינֵ֣י כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֘לחֲזַ֣ק וֶאֱמָץ֒ כִּ֣י אַתָּ֗ה תָּבוֹא֙ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אֶל־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֧ע יְהוָ֛ה לַאֲבֹתָ֖ם לָתֵ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם וְאַתָּ֖ה תַּנְחִילֶ֥נָּה אוֹתָֽם׃ [Deuteronomy 31:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.7/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:861` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 31:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.860/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 31:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.862/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 31:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.7/)