--- title: Deuteronomy 31:14 (JPS 1917) — And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Behold, thy days approach that thou m… · tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Behold, thy days approach that thou must die; call Joshua, and present yourselves in the tent of meeting, that I may give him a charge.' And Moses and Joshua went, and presented themselves in the tent of meeting. Who acts: LORD, days, thou, I. 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And Moses and Joshua went, and presented themselves in the tent of meeting. **Who acts:** LORD, days, thou, I, Moses · **What happens:** say, approach, die, call, present, give · **To what, where:** Joshua, yourselves, tent, charge, LORD, children · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Deuteronomy 31:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, days, thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DEU:868 # text = And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Behold, thy days approach that thou must die; call Joshua, and present yourselves in the tent of meeting, that I may give him a charge.' And Moses and Joshua went, and presented themselves in the tent of meeting. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Moses Moses PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 8 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 9 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 13 discourse _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 11 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 13 approach approach VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 14 that that SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nsubj _ _ 16 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 advcl _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 19 call call VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 20 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 present present VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 24 yourselves yourselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 23 obj _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 tent tent NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 meeting meeting NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 that that SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 32 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 advcl _ _ 35 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 iobj _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 charge charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 39 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ 40 And and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 41 Moses Moses PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 43 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 conj _ _ 44 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 47 presented present VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 conj _ _ 48 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 47 obj _ _ 49 in in ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 tent tent NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obl _ _ 52 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 meeting meeting NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 nmod _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD | | | | | unto Moses | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **approach** | present | thy days | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **die** | must | thou | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 4 | **call** | infinitive | | | Joshua | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent joshua=Recipient | | 5 | **present** | infinitive | | yourselves | | the tent of meeting | | | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourselves=Theme | | 6 | **give** | may | I | a charge | LORD | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient charge=Theme | | 7 | **go** | past | Moses and Joshua | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **present** | past | Moses and Joshua *not said here* | children *= child* | | the tent of meeting | | | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה הֵ֣ן קָרְב֣וּ יָמֶיךָ֮ לָמוּת֒ קְרָ֣א אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ וְהִֽתְיַצְּב֛וּ בְּאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד וַאֲצַוֶּ֑נּוּ וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ מֹשֶׁה֙ וִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּ בְּאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד׃ [Deuteronomy 31:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.14/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:868` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 31:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.867/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 31:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.869/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 31:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.14/)