--- title: Deuteronomy 31:21 (JPS 1917) — then it shall come to pass, when many evils and troubles are come up… · tree and pragmatics description: then it shall come to pass, when many evils and troubles are come upon them, that this song shall testify before them as a witness; for it shall not be forgotten out of the mouths of their seed; for I know their imagination how they do even now, before I have brought them into the land which I swore --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.875/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/31/) / [31:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.21/) / JPS 1 # Deuteronomy 31:21 · JPS 1917 then it shall come to pass, when many evils and troubles are come upon them, that this song shall testify before them as a witness; for it shall not be forgotten out of the mouths of their seed; for I know their imagination how they do even now, before I have brought them into the land which I swore.' **Who acts:** covenant, many evils, song, I, children · **What happens:** come, pass, testify, not forget, know, do · **To what, where:** covenant, mouths, imagination, children, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Deuteronomy 31:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (covenant, many evils, song, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DEU:875 # text = then it shall come to pass, when many evils and troubles are come upon them, that this song shall testify before them as a witness; for it shall not be forgotten out of the mouths of their seed; for I know their imagination how they do even now, before I have brought them into the land which I swore.' 1 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 8 when when SCONJ WRB _ 14 mark _ _ 9 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 evils evil NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 troubles trouble NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 13 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 advcl _ _ 15 upon upon ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 that that SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 19 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 20 det _ _ 20 song song NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 21 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 testify testify VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _ 23 before before ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ _ 25 as as ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 witness witness NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 29 for for SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj:pass _ _ 31 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 32 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 34 advmod _ _ 33 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 34 aux:pass _ _ 34 forgotten forget VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ _ 35 out out ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 mouths mouth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ _ 41 seed seed NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 42 ; ; PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 43 for for SCONJ IN _ 45 mark _ _ 44 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 45 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 46 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 47 nmod:poss _ _ 47 imagination imagination NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obj _ _ 48 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 50 advmod _ _ 49 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 nsubj _ _ 50 do do VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 45 ccomp _ _ 51 even even ADV RB _ 52 advmod _ _ 52 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 50 advmod _ _ 53 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 54 before before SCONJ IN _ 57 mark _ _ 55 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 57 nsubj _ _ 56 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 57 aux _ _ 57 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 50 advcl _ _ 58 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 57 obj _ _ 59 into into ADP IN _ 61 case _ _ 60 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 61 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 obl _ _ 62 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 64 obj _ _ 63 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 64 nsubj _ _ 64 swore swear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 61 acl:relcl _ _ 65 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 66 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | shall | covenant | | | | then | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | covenant *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **come** | present · passive | many evils and troubles | | | | | upon children *= child* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Location | | 4 | **testify** *speech: other* | shall | this song | | | | before children *= child* | as a witness | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **not** **forget** | shall · passive | | covenant | | the mouths of children's seed | | | tree rules | | 6 | **know** | present | I | children's imagination | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **do** | present | children *= child* | | | | now | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **bring** | present · perfect | I | children *= child* | | the land | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme into land=Destination | | 9 | **swear** | past | I | the land | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent which=Eventuality | | 10 | **imagine** | | children *= child* | | | | | | nom imagination «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְ֠הָיָה כִּֽי־תִמְצֶ֨אןָ אֹת֜וֹ רָע֣וֹת רַבּוֹת֮ וְצָרוֹת֒ וְ֠עָנְתָה הַשִּׁירָ֨ה הַזֹּ֤את לְפָנָיו֙ לְעֵ֔ד כִּ֛י לֹ֥א תִשָּׁכַ֖ח מִפִּ֣י זַרְע֑וֹ כִּ֧י יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶת־יִצְר֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר ה֤וּא עֹשֶׂה֙ הַיּ֔וֹם בְּטֶ֣רֶם אֲבִיאֶ֔נּוּ אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבָּֽעְתִּי׃ [Deuteronomy 31:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.21/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:875` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 31:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.874/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 31:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.876/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 31:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.21/)