---
title: Deuteronomy 31:24 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing the words… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing the words of this law in a book, until they were finished, Who acts: land, Moses, end. Deuteronomy 31:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 31:24 · JPS 1917

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And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing the words of this law in a book, until they were finished,

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**Who acts:** land, Moses, end · **What happens:** come, pass, make, write, finish, word · **To what, where:** end, words, book, law

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This is Deuteronomy 31:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, Moses, end), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:878
# text = And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing the words of this law in a book, until they were finished,
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
8	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	writing	write	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | land |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | land *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | past · perfect | Moses | a end |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Product |
| 4 | **write** | gerund | a end *not said here* | the words of this law |  | a book |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent word=Theme in book=Destination |
| 5 | **finish** | past · passive |  | words *= word* |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 6 | **word** |  |  | this law |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כְּכַלּ֣וֹת מֹשֶׁ֗ה לִכְתֹּ֛ב אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֥י הַתּוֹרָֽה־הַזֹּ֖את עַל־סֵ֑פֶר עַ֖ד תֻּמָּֽם׃

[Deuteronomy 31:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:878` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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