---
title: Exodus 1:11 (JPS 1917) — Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. Who acts: children. Exodus 1:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 1:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens.

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**Who acts:** children · **What happens:** set, afflict, burden · **To what, where:** taskmasters, children

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This is Exodus 1:11 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:10
# text = Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	set	set	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	taskmasters	taskmaster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	afflict	afflict	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	burdens	burden	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set** | past · do-support | children *= child* | taskmasters |  |  |  | over enemies *= enemy*; therefore *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent taskmaster=Theme over they=Destination |
| 2 | **afflict** | to-infinitive | children *= child* *not said here* | children *= child* |  |  |  | with children's burdens | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |
| 3 | **burden** |  | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | nom burden «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיָּשִׂ֤ימוּ עָלָיו֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מִסִּ֔ים לְמַ֥עַן עַנֹּת֖וֹ בְּסִבְלֹתָ֑ם וַיִּ֜בֶן עָרֵ֤י מִסְכְּנוֹת֙ לְפַרְעֹ֔ה אֶת־פִּתֹ֖ם וְאֶת־רַעַמְסֵֽס׃

[Exodus 1:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.1.11/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens.**
2. [And they built for Pharaoh store-cities, Pithom and Raamses.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:10` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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