---
title: Exodus 5:1 (JPS 1917) — And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus sai… · tree and pragmatics
description: And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel: Let My people go, that they may hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness.' Who acts: Moses, LORD, people. Exodus 5:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 5:1 · JPS 1917

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And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel: Let My people go, that they may hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness.'

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**Who acts:** Moses, LORD, people · **What happens:** come, say, let, go, hold · **To what, where:** people, feast, wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Exodus 5:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moses, LORD, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:114
# text = And afterward Moses and Aaron came, and said unto Pharaoh: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel: Let My people go, that they may hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	afterward	afterward	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
3	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	_
14	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
24	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
25	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
27	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	advcl	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	obl	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
41	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Moses and Aaron |  |  |  |  | afterward *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Moses and Aaron *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Pharaoh | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **let** | infinitive |  | My people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **go** | infinitive | My people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **hold** | may | Moses | a feast |  | the wilderness |  | unto Me | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent feast=Theme in wilderness=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאַחַ֗ר בָּ֚אוּ מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שַׁלַּח֙ אֶת־עַמִּ֔י וְיָחֹ֥גּוּ לִ֖י בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

[Exodus 5:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:114` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Exodus 4:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.113/)
- next →: [Exodus 5:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.115/)
- ↑ back to [Exodus 5:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.1/)