---
title: Exodus 40:38 (JPS 1917) — For the cloud of the LORD was upon the tabernacle by day, and there… · tree and pragmatics
description: For the cloud of the LORD was upon the tabernacle by day, and there was fire therein by night, in the sight of all the house of Israel, throughout all their journeys. — Who acts: cloud, fire, children. Exodus 40:38 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 40:38 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For the cloud of the LORD was upon the tabernacle by day, and there was fire therein by night, in the sight of all the house of Israel, throughout all their journeys. —

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cloud, fire, children · **What happens:** be, cloud, sight, journey · **To what, where:** sight, LORD, house

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 40:38 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cloud, fire, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:1266
# text = For the cloud of the LORD was upon the tabernacle by day, and there was fire therein by night, in the sight of all the house of Israel, throughout all their journeys. —
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	tabernacle	tabernacle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	16	expl	_	_
16	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
17	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
18	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	28	det:predet	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	35	det:predet	_	_
34	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	journeys	journey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
37	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the cloud of the LORD |  |  |  | day | upon the tabernacle | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | past | fire |  |  | the sight of all house of Israel; there | throughout children's journeys; night | therein *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sight=Location |
| 3 | **cloud** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **sight** |  |  | all house of Israel |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 5 | **journey** |  | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּי֩ עֲנַ֨ן יְהוָ֤ה עַֽל־הַמִּשְׁכָּן֙ יוֹמָ֔ם וְאֵ֕שׁ תִּהְיֶ֥ה לַ֖יְלָה בּ֑וֹ לְעֵינֵ֥י כָל־בֵּֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּכָל־מַסְעֵיהֶֽם׃

[Exodus 40:38: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.40.38/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:1266` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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