---
title: Exodus 5:14 (JPS 1917) — And the officers of the children of Israel, whom Pharaoh's taskmaste… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the officers of the children of Israel, whom Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, saying: 'Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your appointed task in making brick both yesterday and today as heretofore?' Who acts: taskmasters, ye, your. Exodus 5:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tr
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.130/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/5/) / [5:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.14/) / JPS 1

# Exodus 5:14 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the officers of the children of Israel, whom Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, saying: 'Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your appointed task in making brick both yesterday and today as heretofore?'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** taskmasters, ye, your · **What happens:** set, beat, say, not fulfil, make, task · **To what, where:** officers, appointed task, brick · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 5:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (taskmasters, ye, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:130
# text = And the officers of the children of Israel, whom Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten, saying: 'Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your appointed task in making brick both yesterday and today as heretofore?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	officers	officer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	obj	_	_
11	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	taskmasters	taskmaster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	acl:relcl	_	_
16	over	over	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	advcl	_	_
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
24	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	_
25	Wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	29	advmod	_	_
26	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
27	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nsubj	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	fulfilled	fulfil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	ccomp	_	_
30	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
31	appointed	appoint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	task	task	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
33	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
34	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	advcl	_	_
35	brick	brick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
36	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc:preconj	_	_
37	yesterday	yesterday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl:unmarked	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	conj	_	_
40	as	as	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	heretofore	heretofore	ADV	RB	_	37	conj	_	_
42	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
43	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set** | past · perfect | Pharaoh's taskmasters | the officers of the children of Israel |  |  |  | over officers *= officer* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent whom=Theme over they=Destination |
| 2 | **beat** | past · passive |  | the officers of the children of Israel |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **fulfil** | present · perfect | ye | your appointed task |  |  |  | wherefore *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **make** | gerund | ye *not said here* | brick |  |  | yesterday |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset brick=Product |
| 6 | **task** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom task «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֻּכּ֗וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣מוּ עֲלֵהֶ֔ם נֹגְשֵׂ֥י פַרְעֹ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר מַדּ֡וּעַ לֹא֩ כִלִּיתֶ֨ם חָקְכֶ֤ם לִלְבֹּן֙ כִּתְמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם גַּם־תְּמ֖וֹל גַּם־הַיּֽוֹם׃

[Exodus 5:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.14/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:130` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Exodus 5:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.129/)
- next →: [Exodus 5:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.131/)
- ↑ back to [Exodus 5:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.14/)