---
title: Exodus 5:21 (JPS 1917) — and they said unto them: 'The LORD look upon you, and judge; because… · tree and pragmatics
description: and they said unto them: 'The LORD look upon you, and judge; because ye have made our savour to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us.' Who acts: officers, LORD, ye, savour. Exodus 5:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Exodus 5:21 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and they said unto them: 'The LORD look upon you, and judge; because ye have made our savour to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us.'

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**Who acts:** officers, LORD, ye, savour, our · **What happens:** say, look, judge, make, abhor, put · **To what, where:** savour, eyes, sword, hand, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 5:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (officers, LORD, ye, savour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:137
# text = and they said unto them: 'The LORD look upon you, and judge; because ye have made our savour to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us.'
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
8	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	judge	judge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
21	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	savour	savour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
24	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	abhorred	abhor	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	xcomp	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
40	to	to	PART	TO	_	41	mark	_	_
41	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
42	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
47	to	to	PART	TO	_	48	mark	_	_
48	slay	slay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	advcl	_	_
49	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	48	obj	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
51	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | officers *= officer* |  |  |  |  | unto Moses | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **look** | infinitive | the LORD |  |  |  |  | upon you | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon you=Theme |
| 3 | **judge** | infinitive | the LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **make** | present · perfect | ye | our savour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **abhor** | to-infinitive · passive | our savour *not said here* |  |  | the eyes of Pharaoh and the eyes of Pharaoh's servants |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S» |
| 6 | **put** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* | a sword |  | officers's hand |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sword=Theme in hand=Destination |
| 7 | **slay** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* | us |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Patient |
| 8 | **savour** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom savour «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם יֵ֧רֶא יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם וְיִשְׁפֹּ֑ט אֲשֶׁ֧ר הִבְאַשְׁתֶּ֣ם אֶת־רֵיחֵ֗נוּ בְּעֵינֵ֤י פַרְעֹה֙ וּבְעֵינֵ֣י עֲבָדָ֔יו לָֽתֶת־חֶ֥רֶב בְּיָדָ֖ם לְהָרְגֵֽנוּ׃

[Exodus 5:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:137` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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