---
title: Exodus 6:5 (JPS 1917) — And moreover I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel, wh… · tree and pragmatics
description: And moreover I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage; and I have remembered My covenant. Who acts: I, Egyptians, My. Exodus 6:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 6:5 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And moreover I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage; and I have remembered My covenant.

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**Who acts:** I, Egyptians, My · **What happens:** hear, keep, remember, covenant · **To what, where:** groaning, children, bondage, covenant

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This is Exodus 6:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Egyptians, My), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:144
# text = And moreover I have heard the groaning of the children of Israel, whom the Egyptians keep in bondage; and I have remembered My covenant.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	groaning	groaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Egyptians	Egyptian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	bondage	bondage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	remembered	remember	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
25	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | present · perfect | I | the groaning of the children of Israel |  |  |  | moreover *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer groaning=Stimulus |
| 2 | **keep** | present | the Egyptians | the children of Israel |  | bondage |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent whom=Theme in bondage=Location |
| 3 | **remember** | present · perfect | I | My covenant |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent covenant=Theme |
| 4 | **covenant** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְגַ֣ם ׀ אֲנִ֣י שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי אֶֽת־נַאֲקַת֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִצְרַ֖יִם מַעֲבִדִ֣ים אֹתָ֑ם וָאֶזְכֹּ֖ר אֶת־בְּרִיתִֽי׃

[Exodus 6:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.6.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:144` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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