--- title: Exodus 7:20 (JPS 1917) — And Moses and Aaron did so, as the LORD commanded; and he lifted up… · tree and pragmatics description: And Moses and Aaron did so, as the LORD commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood. Who acts: Moses, LORD, waters. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moses, LORD, waters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:197 # text = And Moses and Aaron did so, as the LORD commanded; and he lifted up the rod, and smote the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh, and in the sight of his servants; and all the waters that were in the river were turned to blood. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 2 Moses Moses PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 Aaron Aaron PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 5 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 so so ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 8 as as SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 11 commanded command VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 lifted lift VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 16 up up ADP RP _ 15 compound:prt _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 rod rod NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 smote smite VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 24 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 28 nsubj _ _ 25 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 acl:relcl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 Pharaoh Pharaoh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 37 in in ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 conj _ _ 40 of of ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 servants servant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nmod _ _ 43 ; ; PUNCT : _ 54 punct _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ _ 45 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 47 det:predet _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 54 nsubj:pass _ _ 48 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 52 nsubj _ _ 49 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 52 cop _ _ 50 in in ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 acl:relcl _ _ 53 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 54 aux:pass _ _ 54 turned turn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 55 to to ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 56 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 obl _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=narrate | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **do** | past | Moses and Aaron | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **command** | past | the LORD | | | | | | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **lift up** | past | LORD | the rod | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rod=Theme | | 4 | **smite** | past | LORD *not said here* | the waters | | the sight of Pharaoh and the sight of LORD's servants | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus water=Experiencer | | 5 | **is** | past | the waters | | | the river | | | tree rules | | 6 | **is** | past | all waters | | | the river | | | tree rules | | 7 | **turn** | past · passive | | all waters | | blood | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme to blood=Trajectory | | 8 | **sight** | | | Pharaoh | | | | | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient | | 9 | **sight** | | | LORD's servants | | | | | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־כֵן֩ מֹשֶׁ֨ה וְאַהֲרֹ֜ן כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ צִוָּ֣ה יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּ֤רֶם בַּמַּטֶּה֙ וַיַּ֤ךְ אֶת־הַמַּ֙יִם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּיְאֹ֔ר לְעֵינֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה וּלְעֵינֵ֖י עֲבָדָ֑יו וַיֵּהָֽפְכ֛וּ כָּל־הַמַּ֥יִם אֲשֶׁר־בַּיְאֹ֖ר לְדָֽם׃ [Exodus 7:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.7.20/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:197` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 7:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.196/) - next →: [Exodus 7:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.198/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 7:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.7.20/)