---
title: Exodus 8:2 (JPS 1917) — (8-2) And Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt; and… · tree and pragmatics
description: (8-2) And Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt; and the frogs came up, and covered the land of Egypt. Who acts: Aaron, frogs. Exodus 8:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 8:2 · JPS 1917

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(8-2) And Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt; and the frogs came up, and covered the land of Egypt.

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**Who acts:** Aaron, frogs · **What happens:** stretch out, come up, cover · **To what, where:** hand, waters, land

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This is Exodus 8:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aaron, frogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:208
# text = (8-2) And Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt; and the frogs came up, and covered the land of Egypt.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
2	8-2	8-2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	dep	_	_
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
20	up	up	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	covered	cover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stretch out** | past | Aaron | Aaron's hand |  | the waters of Egypt |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **come up** | past | the frogs |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cover** | past | the frogs *not said here* | the land of Egypt |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme land=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֵּ֤ט אַהֲרֹן֙ אֶת־יָד֔וֹ עַ֖ל מֵימֵ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם וַתַּ֙עַל֙ הַצְּפַרְדֵּ֔עַ וַתְּכַ֖ס אֶת־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

[Exodus 8:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.8.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:208` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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