--- title: Exodus 8:16 (JPS 1917) — (8-16) And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Rise up early in the morning,… · tree and pragmatics description: (8-16) And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh; lo, he cometh forth to the water; and say unto him: Thus saith the LORD: Let My people go, that they may serve Me. Who acts: LORD, people. Exodus 8:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.222/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/8/) / [8:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.8.16/) / JPS 1 # Exodus 8:16 · JPS 1917 (8-16) And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh; lo, he cometh forth to the water; and say unto him: Thus saith the LORD: Let My people go, that they may serve Me. **Who acts:** LORD, people · **What happens:** say, rise up, stand, come, let, go · **To what, where:** Pharaoh, water, people, Me · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Exodus 8:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:222 # text = (8-16) And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh; lo, he cometh forth to the water; and say unto him: Thus saith the LORD: Let My people go, that they may serve Me. 1 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 2 punct _ _ 2 8-16 8-16 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 parataxis _ _ 3 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 2 punct _ _ 4 And and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 7 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 unto unto ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Moses Moses PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 11 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 12 Rise rise VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 ccomp _ _ 13 up up ADP RP _ 12 compound:prt _ _ 14 early early ADV RB Degree=Pos 12 advmod _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 morning morning NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 stand stand VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 21 before before ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Pharaoh Pharaoh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 24 lo lo INTJ UH _ 27 discourse _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 cometh come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 28 forth forth ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 conj _ _ 35 unto unto ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ _ 37 : : PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 38 Thus thus ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 39 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 ccomp _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ _ 42 : : PUNCT : _ 43 punct _ _ 43 Let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 39 ccomp _ _ 44 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 45 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 obj _ _ 46 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 43 xcomp _ _ 47 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 48 that that SCONJ IN _ 51 mark _ _ 49 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 50 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 51 serve serve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 43 advcl _ _ 52 Me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 obj _ _ 53 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD | | | | | unto Moses | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **rise up** | infinitive | | | | | morning | early *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **stand** | infinitive | | | | Pharaoh | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before pharaoh=Location | | 4 | **come** | present | LORD | | | the water | | forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to water=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | LORD *not said here* | | | | | unto LORD | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **let** | infinitive | | My people | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **go** | infinitive | My people *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **serve** | may | people | Me | | | | | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה הַשְׁכֵּ֤ם בַּבֹּ֙קֶר֙ וְהִתְיַצֵּב֙ לִפְנֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה הִנֵּ֖ה יוֹצֵ֣א הַמָּ֑יְמָה וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שַׁלַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃ [Exodus 8:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.8.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:222` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 8:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.221/) - next →: [Exodus 8:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.223/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 8:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.8.16/)