---
title: Exodus 9:18 (JPS 1917) — Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grie… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the day it was founded even until now. Who acts: I, power, grievous hail, day. Exodus 9:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 9:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the day it was founded even until now.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, power, grievous hail, day · **What happens:** cause, rain, not be, found · **To what, where:** power, grievous hail

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 9:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, power, grievous hail, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:253
# text = Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the day it was founded even until now.
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	rain	rain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	very	very	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	grievous	grievous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	24	case	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
22	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	cop	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	acl:relcl	_	_
25	since	since	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	founded	found	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl:relcl	_	_
31	even	even	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
32	until	until	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	30	obl	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | future | I | power |  |  | time; tomorrow |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rain** | to-infinitive | power *not said here* | a grievous hail |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present · perfect | a grievous hail *not said here* |  |  |  | day | such Egypt | tree rules |
| 4 | **found** | past · passive | the day *not said here* | power |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הִנְנִ֤י מַמְטִיר֙ כָּעֵ֣ת מָחָ֔ר בָּרָ֖ד כָּבֵ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־הָיָ֤ה כָמֹ֙הוּ֙ בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם לְמִן־הַיּ֥וֹם הִוָּסְדָ֖ה וְעַד־עָֽתָּה׃

[Exodus 9:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:253` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Exodus 9:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.252/)
- next →: [Exodus 9:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.254/)
- ↑ back to [Exodus 9:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.18/)