---
title: Exodus 9:19 (JPS 1917) — Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.' Who acts: you, thou, hail, man. Exodus 9:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency 
---

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# Exodus 9:19 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.'

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**Who acts:** you, thou, hail, man · **What happens:** send, hasten, have, find, not bring, come down · **To what, where:** field, man

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 9:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, thou, hail, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:254
# text = Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.'
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	send	send	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	hasten	hasten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	all	all	PRON	DT	PronType=Tot	8	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
12	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
13	hast	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl:relcl	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
32	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
34	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	conj	_	_
36	home	home	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
40	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
41	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
42	down	down	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
43	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	obl	_	_
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
47	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
48	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	49	aux	_	_
49	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	conj	_	_
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
51	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: warn
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=warn

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | now | therefore *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hasten** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in thy cattle | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cattle=Trajectory |
| 3 | **have** | present | thou |  |  | the field |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient |
| 4 | **find** | shall · passive |  | every man and beast |  | the field |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 5 | **not** **bring** | shall · passive |  |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together» |
| 6 | **come down** | shall | the hail |  |  |  |  | for every man and beast; upon man; down *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Location |
| 7 | **die** | shall | man |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְעַתָּ֗ה שְׁלַ֤ח הָעֵז֙ אֶֽת־מִקְנְךָ֔ וְאֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְךָ֖ בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה כָּל־הָאָדָ֨ם וְהַבְּהֵמָ֜ה אֲשֶֽׁר־יִמָּצֵ֣א בַשָּׂדֶ֗ה וְלֹ֤א יֵֽאָסֵף֙ הַבַּ֔יְתָה וְיָרַ֧ד עֲלֵהֶ֛ם הַבָּרָ֖ד וָמֵֽתוּ׃

[Exodus 9:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:254` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Exodus 9:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.253/)
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- ↑ back to [Exodus 9:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.19/)