---
title: Exodus 9:24 (JPS 1917) — So there was hail, and fire flashing up amidst the hail, very grievo… · tree and pragmatics
description: So there was hail, and fire flashing up amidst the hail, very grievous, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation. Who acts: hail, fire. Exodus 9:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 9:24 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So there was hail, and fire flashing up amidst the hail, very grievous, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hail, fire · **What happens:** flash up, not be, become · **To what, where:** such land, nation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 9:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hail, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:259
# text = So there was hail, and fire flashing up amidst the hail, very grievous, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	flashing	flash	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	acl	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	amidst	amidst	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	very	very	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	grievous	grievous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
17	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	25	amod	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
21	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	cop	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	acl:relcl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	advcl	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	xcomp	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flash up** | gerund | hail and fire *not said here* |  |  |  |  | amidst the hail | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | past · perfect | the hail *not said here* |  |  | all such land |  | of Egypt | tree rules |
| 3 | **become** | past | fire | a nation |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֣י בָרָ֔ד וְאֵ֕שׁ מִתְלַקַּ֖חַת בְּת֣וֹךְ הַבָּרָ֑ד כָּבֵ֣ד מְאֹ֔ד אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹֽא־הָיָ֤ה כָמֹ֙הוּ֙ בְּכָל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מֵאָ֖ז הָיְתָ֥ה לְגֽוֹי׃

[Exodus 9:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:259` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Exodus 9:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.258/)
- next →: [Exodus 9:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.260/)
- ↑ back to [Exodus 9:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.9.24/)