---
title: Exodus 10:12 (JPS 1917) — And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand over the land of… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left.' Who acts: LORD, servants, hail. Exodus 10:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Exodus 10:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, servants, hail · **What happens:** say, stretch out, come up, eat, leave · **To what, where:** hand, land, herb · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 10:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, servants, hail), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:282
# text = And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Stretch	stretch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	over	over	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	locusts	locust	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
26	up	up	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	conj	_	_
35	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	36	det	_	_
36	herb	herb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	even	even	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
42	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	36	appos	_	_
43	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	47	obj	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nsubj	_	_
46	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	47	aux	_	_
47	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	42	acl:relcl	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
49	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=imp

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD |  |  |  |  | unto Moses | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stretch out** | infinitive |  | thy hand |  | the land of Egypt |  | for the locusts | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 3 | **come up** | may | servants *= servant* |  |  | the land of Egypt |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon land=Location |
| 4 | **eat** | infinitive | servants *= servant* *not said here* | every herb of the land |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herb=Patient |
| 5 | **leave** | present · perfect | the hail |  |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה נְטֵ֨ה יָדְךָ֜ עַל־אֶ֤רֶץ מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בָּֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה וְיַ֖עַל עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְיֹאכַל֙ אֶת־כָּל־עֵ֣שֶׂב הָאָ֔רֶץ אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁאִ֖יר הַבָּרָֽד׃

[Exodus 10:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:282` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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