---
title: Exodus 10:16 (JPS 1917) — Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste; and he said: 'I ha… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste; and he said: 'I have sinned against the LORD your God, and against you. Who acts: Pharaoh, I. Exodus 10:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.286/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/10/) / [10:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.16/) / JPS 1

# Exodus 10:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste; and he said: 'I have sinned against the LORD your God, and against you.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Pharaoh, I · **What happens:** call, say, sin · **To what, where:** haste · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 10:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pharaoh, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:286
# text = Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron in haste; and he said: 'I have sinned against the LORD your God, and against you.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	haste	haste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	sinned	sin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	ccomp	_	_
19	against	against	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	against	against	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	21	conj	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | Pharaoh |  |  | haste | then | for Moses and Aaron | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for moses=Recipient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Pharaoh |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **sin** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | against the LORD | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against lord=Maleficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְמַהֵ֣ר פַּרְעֹ֔ה לִקְרֹ֖א לְמֹשֶׁ֣ה וּֽלְאַהֲרֹ֑ן וַיֹּ֗אמֶר חָטָ֛אתִי לַיהוָ֥ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם וְלָכֶֽם׃

[Exodus 10:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.16/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:286` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Exodus 10:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.285/)
- next →: [Exodus 10:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.287/)
- ↑ back to [Exodus 10:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.16/)