---
title: Exodus 10:23 (JPS 1917) — they saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three… · tree and pragmatics
description: they saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days; but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings. Who acts: locusts, any, children. Exodus 10:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 10:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
they saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days; but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings.

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**Who acts:** locusts, any, children · **What happens:** not see, rise, have · **To what, where:** one, place, light, dwellings

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This is Exodus 10:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (locusts, any, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:293
# text = they saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days; but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings.
1	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	ADV	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
4	one	one	PRON	CD	PronType=Rcp	2	obj	_	_
5	another	another	ADJ	DT	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	8	cc:preconj	_	_
8	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	any	any	PRON	DT	PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
18	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	20	det:predet	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
24	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	dwellings	dwelling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **see** | past | locusts *= locust* | one |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
| 2 | **rise** | past | any |  |  | Moses's place | day |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from place=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **have** | past | all children of Israel | light |  | children's dwellings |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לֹֽא־רָא֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־אָחִ֗יו וְלֹא־קָ֛מוּ אִ֥ישׁ מִתַּחְתָּ֖יו שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים וּֽלְכָל־בְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָ֥יָה א֖וֹר בְּמוֹשְׁבֹתָֽם׃

[Exodus 10:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:293` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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