---
title: Exodus 12:45 (JPS 1917) — A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof. · tree and pragmatics
description: A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof. Who acts: sojourner. Exodus 12:45 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 12:45 · JPS 1917

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A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.

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**Who acts:** sojourner · **What happens:** hire, not eat

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This is Exodus 12:45 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sojourner), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:356
# text = A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sojourner	sojourner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	hired	hire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: other
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=other

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hire** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **eat** | shall | a sojourner and a hired servant |  |  |  |  | thereof *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
תּוֹשָׁ֥ב וְשָׂכִ֖יר לֹא־יֹ֥אכַל־בּֽוֹ׃

[Exodus 12:45: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.45/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:356` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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