--- title: Exodus 12:48 (JPS 1917) — And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passo… · tree and pragmatics description: And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof. Who acts: stranger, you, uncircumcised person --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.359/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/12/) / [12:48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.48/) / JPS 1 # Exodus 12:48 · JPS 1917 And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof. **Who acts:** stranger, you, uncircumcised person · **What happens:** sojourn, keep, let, circumcise, come, be · **To what, where:** passover, males, stranger, male, land This is Exodus 12:48 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stranger, you, uncircumcised person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:359 # text = And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 2 when when SCONJ WRB _ 6 mark _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 stranger stranger NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 5 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 sojourn sojourn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 advcl _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 6 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 passover passover NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 to to ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 20 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 22 det:predet _ _ 21 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 24 aux:pass _ _ 24 circumcised circumcise VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 xcomp _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 28 advmod _ _ 28 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 29 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ _ 30 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 xcomp _ _ 31 near near ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 conj _ _ 34 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 38 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 39 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 41 cop _ _ 40 as as ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 one one PRON NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 42 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 44 nsubj:pass _ _ 43 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 aux:pass _ _ 44 born bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 41 acl:relcl _ _ 45 in in ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 48 ; ; PUNCT : _ 54 punct _ _ 49 but but CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ _ 50 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 52 det _ _ 51 uncircumcised uncircumcised ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 52 amod _ _ 52 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 nsubj _ _ 53 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 54 aux _ _ 54 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 conj _ _ 55 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 54 advmod _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 19 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed voice=character, act=request, form=imp | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sojourn** | shall | a stranger | | | | | with thee | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **keep** | future | a stranger *not said here* | the passover | | | | to the LORD | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent passover=Theme | | 3 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **circumcise** | infinitive · passive | | stranger's males | | | | | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | | 5 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | stranger | | | then | | tree rules | | 6 | **come** | infinitive | stranger *not said here* | | | | | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **keep** | infinitive | stranger *not said here* | male | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 8 | **is** | shall | stranger | | | | | as one | tree rules | | 9 | **bear** | present · passive | | | | the land | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 10 | **eat** | shall | no uncircumcised person | | | | | thereof *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְכִֽי־יָג֨וּר אִתְּךָ֜ גֵּ֗ר וְעָ֣שָׂה פֶסַח֮ לַיהוָה֒ הִמּ֧וֹל ל֣וֹ כָל־זָכָ֗ר וְאָז֙ יִקְרַ֣ב לַעֲשֹׂת֔וֹ וְהָיָ֖ה כְּאֶזְרַ֣ח הָאָ֑רֶץ וְכָל־עָרֵ֖ל לֹֽא־יֹ֥אכַל בּֽוֹ׃ [Exodus 12:48: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.48/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:359` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 12:47 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.358/) - next →: [Exodus 12:49 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.360/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 12:48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.48/)