--- title: Exodus 13:17 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God le… · tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said: 'Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt.' Who acts: firstling, Pharaoh, people, God. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (firstling, Pharaoh, people, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:379 # text = And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said: 'Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 when when SCONJ WRB _ 10 mark _ _ 8 Pharaoh Pharaoh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 let let VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 advcl _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 13 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 that that SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 16 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 led lead VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 18 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ _ 19 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 17 advmod _ _ 20 by by ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 Philistines Philistines PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 25 nmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 although although SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 31 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 33 nsubj _ _ 32 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 33 near near ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 advcl _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 35 for for SCONJ IN _ 37 mark _ _ 36 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 37 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 38 : : PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 39 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 44 punct _ _ 40 Lest lest SCONJ IN _ 44 mark _ _ 41 peradventure peradventure ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 nsubj _ _ 44 repent repent VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 ccomp _ _ 45 when when SCONJ WRB _ 47 mark _ _ 46 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 47 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 advcl _ _ 48 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 49 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 51 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 52 return return VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 conj _ _ 53 to to ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 54 Egypt Egypt PROPN NNP Number=Sing 52 obl _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 56 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | firstling | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | firstling *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **let** | past · perfect | Pharaoh | the people | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **go** | infinitive | the people *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **not** **lead** | past | God | people | | | | by the way of the land of the Philistines | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme by way=Destination | | 6 | **is** | past | that | | | | | near *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | God | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **repent** | present | the people | | | | | peradventure *property* | tree rules | | 9 | **see** | present | people | war | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer war=Stimulus | | 10 | **return** | present | people | | Egypt | | | | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to egypt=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיְהִ֗י בְּשַׁלַּ֣ח פַּרְעֹה֮ אֶת־הָעָם֒ וְלֹא־נָחָ֣ם אֱלֹהִ֗ים דֶּ֚רֶךְ אֶ֣רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כִּ֥י קָר֖וֹב ה֑וּא כִּ֣י ׀ אָמַ֣ר אֱלֹהִ֗ים פֶּֽן־יִנָּחֵ֥ם הָעָ֛ם בִּרְאֹתָ֥ם מִלְחָמָ֖ה וְשָׁ֥בוּ מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃ [Exodus 13:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.17/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:379` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 13:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.378/) - next →: [Exodus 13:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.380/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 13:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.13.17/)