---
title: Exodus 14:3 (JPS 1917) — And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel: They are entangled i… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel: They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in. Who acts: Pharaoh, wilderness. Exodus 14:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 14:3 · JPS 1917

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And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel: They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in.

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**Who acts:** Pharaoh, wilderness · **What happens:** say, entangle, shut in · **To what, where:** children · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Exodus 14:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pharaoh, wilderness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:387
# text = And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel: They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	entangled	entangle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	shut	shut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | future | Pharaoh |  |  |  |  | of the children of Israel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **entangle** | present · passive |  | children *= child* |  |  |  | in the land | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in land=Theme |
| 3 | **shut in** | present · perfect | the wilderness | children *= child* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאָמַ֤ר פַּרְעֹה֙ לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נְבֻכִ֥ים הֵ֖ם בָּאָ֑רֶץ סָגַ֥ר עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃

[Exodus 14:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:387` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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