---
title: Exodus 14:24 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians. Who acts: LORD. Exodus 14:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 14:24 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians.

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**Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** come, pass, look, discomfit · **To what, where:** sea, morning watch, pillar, host

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 14:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:409
# text = And it came to pass in the morning watch, that the LORD looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	csubj	_	_
15	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Egyptians	Egyptians	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
22	through	through	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	pillar	pillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	discomfited	discomfit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	Egyptians	Egyptians	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | sea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the morning watch |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in watch=Location |
| 3 | **look** | past | the LORD |  |  | the pillar of fire of cloud |  | upon the host of the Egyptians; forth *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon host=Theme |
| 4 | **discomfit** | past | the LORD *not said here* | the host of the Egyptians |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus host=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽיְהִי֙ בְּאַשְׁמֹ֣רֶת הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיַּשְׁקֵ֤ף יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מַחֲנֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּעַמּ֥וּד אֵ֖שׁ וְעָנָ֑ן וַיָּ֕הָם אֵ֖ת מַחֲנֵ֥ה מִצְרָֽיִם׃

[Exodus 14:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:409` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Exodus 14:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.408/)
- next →: [Exodus 14:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.410/)
- ↑ back to [Exodus 14:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.24/)