---
title: Exodus 15:4 (JPS 1917) — Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath He cast into the sea, and his c… · tree and pragmatics
description: Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath He cast into the sea, and his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea. Who acts: Pharaoh. Exodus 15:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 15:4 · JPS 1917

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Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath He cast into the sea, and his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.

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**Who acts:** Pharaoh · **What happens:** cast, choose, sink · **To what, where:** chariots, sea, chosen captains, Red Sea

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This is Exodus 15:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pharaoh), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:420
# text = Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath He cast into the sea, and his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.
1	Pharaoh	Pharaoh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	cast	cast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	captains	captain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	sunk	sink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	Red	Red	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed polarity=pos, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast** | present · perfect | Pharaoh | Pharaoh's chariots and Pharaoh's host |  | the sea |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent chariot=Material into sea=Product |
| 2 | **choose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sink** | present · passive |  | Pharaoh's chosen captains |  | the Red Sea |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מַרְכְּבֹ֥ת פַּרְעֹ֛ה וְחֵיל֖וֹ יָרָ֣ה בַיָּ֑ם וּמִבְחַ֥ר שָֽׁלִשָׁ֖יו טֻבְּע֥וּ בְיַם־סֽוּף׃

[Exodus 15:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:420` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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