--- title: Exodus 15:19 (JPS 1917) — For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his hor… · tree and pragmatics description: For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought back the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea. Who acts: horses, LORD, children. Exodus 15:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.435/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/15/) / [15:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.19/) / JPS 1 # Exodus 15:19 · JPS 1917 For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought back the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea. **Who acts:** horses, LORD, children · **What happens:** go in, bring back, walk · **To what, where:** sea, waters, dry land This is Exodus 15:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horses, LORD, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:435 # text = For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the LORD brought back the waters of the sea upon them; but the children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea. 1 For for SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Pharaoh Pharaoh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADV RB _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 8 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 chariots chariot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 with with ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 horsemen horseman NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 15 into into ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 23 back back ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 upon upon ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ _ 31 ; ; PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 32 but but CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 37 walked walk VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 38 on on ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 41 in in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 midst midst NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 44 of of ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 nmod _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go in** | past | the horses of Pharaoh | | | the sea | | with Pharaoh's chariots and Pharaoh's horsemen | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into sea=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **bring back** | past | the LORD | the waters of the sea | | | | upon horse | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent water=Theme | | 3 | **walk** | past | the children of Israel | | | dry land | | in the midst of the sea | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּ֣י בָא֩ ס֨וּס פַּרְעֹ֜ה בְּרִכְבּ֤וֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו֙ בַּיָּ֔ם וַיָּ֧שֶׁב יְהוָ֛ה עֲלֵהֶ֖ם אֶת־מֵ֣י הַיָּ֑ם וּבְנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הָלְכ֥וּ בַיַּבָּשָׁ֖ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃פ [Exodus 15:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.19/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:435` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 15:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.434/) - next →: [Exodus 15:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.436/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 15:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.19/)