--- title: Exodus 15:25 (JPS 1917) — And he cried unto the LORD; and the LORD showed him a tree, and he c… · tree and pragmatics description: And he cried unto the LORD; and the LORD showed him a tree, and he cast it into the waters, and the waters were made sweet. Who acts: name, LORD. Exodus 15:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.442/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/15/) / [15:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.25/) / JPS 1 # Exodus 15:25 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 And he cried unto the LORD; and the LORD showed him a tree, and he cast it into the waters, and the waters were made sweet. **Who acts:** name, LORD · **What happens:** cry, show, cast, make · **To what, where:** tree, name, waters This is Exodus 15:25 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:442 # text = And he cried unto the LORD; and the LORD showed him a tree, and he cast it into the waters, and the waters were made sweet. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 ; ; PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 11 showed show VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 12 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 iobj _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 cast cast VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 into into ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj:pass _ _ 27 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux:pass _ _ 28 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 conj _ _ 29 sweet sweet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 xcomp _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | name | | | | | unto the LORD | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **show** | past | the LORD | a tree | name | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient tree=Topic | | 3 | **cast** | past | name | tree | | the waters | | | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent it=Material into water=Product | | 4 | **make** | past · passive | | the waters | | | | sweet *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּצְעַ֣ק אֶל־יְהוָ֗ה וַיּוֹרֵ֤הוּ יְהוָה֙ עֵ֔ץ וַיַּשְׁלֵךְ֙ אֶל־הַמַּ֔יִם וַֽיִּמְתְּק֖וּ הַמָּ֑יִם שָׁ֣ם שָׂ֥ם ל֛וֹ חֹ֥ק וּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט וְשָׁ֥ם נִסָּֽהוּ׃ [Exodus 15:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.25/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. **And he cried unto the LORD; and the LORD showed him a tree, and he cast it into the waters, and the waters were made sweet.** 2. [There He made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there He proved them;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.443/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:442` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 15:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.441/) - next →: [Exodus 15:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.443/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 15:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.15.25/)