---
title: Exodus 16:2 (JPS 1917) — And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured agains… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron in the wilderness; Who acts: whole congregation. Exodus 16:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 16:2 · JPS 1917

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And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron in the wilderness;

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**Who acts:** whole congregation · **What happens:** murmur · **To what, where:** Moses

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This is Exodus 16:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (whole congregation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:447
# text = And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron in the wilderness;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	congregation	congregation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	murmured	murmur	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	against	against	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **murmur** *speech: other* | past | the whole congregation of the children of Israel |  |  | Moses and Aaron in the wilderness |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against moses=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּלּ֜וֹנוּ כָּל־עֲדַ֧ת בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עַל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה וְעַֽל־אַהֲרֹ֖ן בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

[Exodus 16:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:447` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Exodus 16:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.446/)
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