---
title: Exodus 16:10 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, as Aaron spoke unto the whole congregation of t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass, as Aaron spoke unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud. Who acts: flesh, Aaron, Moses, glory. Exodus 16:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# Exodus 16:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass, as Aaron spoke unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud.

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**Who acts:** flesh, Aaron, Moses, glory, LORD · **What happens:** come, pass, speak, look, appear, glory · **To what, where:** cloud · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 16:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flesh, Aaron, Moses, glory), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:455
# text = And it came to pass, as Aaron spoke unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	Aaron	Aaron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	congregation	congregation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
23	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	36	discourse	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	glory	glory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
36	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | flesh |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | flesh *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Aaron |  |  |  |  | unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **look** | past | Moses |  |  |  |  | toward the wilderness | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent toward wilderness=Theme |
| 5 | **appear** | past | the glory of the LORD |  |  | the cloud |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cloud=Location |
| 6 | **glory** |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | nom glory «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֗י כְּדַבֵּ֤ר אַהֲרֹן֙ אֶל־כָּל־עֲדַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּפְנ֖וּ אֶל־הַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וְהִנֵּה֙ כְּב֣וֹד יְהוָ֔ה נִרְאָ֖ה בֶּעָנָֽן׃פ

[Exodus 16:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:455` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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