---
title: Exodus 16:14 (JPS 1917) — And when the layer of dew was gone up, behold upon the face of the w… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when the layer of dew was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness a fine, scale-like thing, fine as the hoar-frost on the ground. Exodus 16:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 16:14 · JPS 1917

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And when the layer of dew was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness a fine, scale-like thing, fine as the hoar-frost on the ground.

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**What happens:** go up · **To what, where:** layer

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This is Exodus 16:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:460
# text = And when the layer of dew was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness a fine, scale-like thing, fine as the hoar-frost on the ground.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dew	dew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	advcl	_	_
9	up	up	ADV	RP	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
11	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	14	discourse	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
19	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	scale	scale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	_
23	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
27	as	as	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
29	hoar	hoar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
30	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	29	punct	_	_
31	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
32	on	on	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none, act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | past · passive |  | the layer of dew |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: subject=Extent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַתַּ֖עַל שִׁכְבַ֣ת הַטָּ֑ל וְהִנֵּ֞ה עַל־פְּנֵ֤י הַמִּדְבָּר֙ דַּ֣ק מְחֻסְפָּ֔ס דַּ֥ק כַּכְּפֹ֖ר עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Exodus 16:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:460` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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