---
title: Exodus 16:15 (JPS 1917) — And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat. Who acts: Moses, layer, LORD. Exodus 16:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 16:15 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat.

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**Who acts:** Moses, layer, LORD · **What happens:** say, be, give, eat · **To what, where:** bread, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Exodus 16:15 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moses, layer, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:462
# text = And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
8	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	acl:relcl	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	iobj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Moses |  |  |  |  | unto children *= child* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | layer | the bread |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **give** | present · perfect | the LORD | the bread | you |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **eat** | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּרְא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו֙ מָ֣ן ה֔וּא כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ מַה־ה֑וּא וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם ה֣וּא הַלֶּ֔חֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃

[Exodus 16:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.15/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another: 'What is it?' — for they knew not what it was.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.461/)
2. **And Moses said unto them: 'It is the bread which the LORD hath given you to eat.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:462` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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