---
title: Exodus 2:24 (JPS 1917) — And God heard their groaning, and God remembered His covenant with A… · tree and pragmatics
description: And God heard their groaning, and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. Who acts: God. Exodus 2:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 2:24 · JPS 1917

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And God heard their groaning, and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.

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**Who acts:** God · **What happens:** hear, remember, covenant · **To what, where:** groaning, covenant

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This is Exodus 2:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:51
# text = And God heard their groaning, and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	groaning	groaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	remembered	remember	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Isaac	Isaac	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | God | shepherds's groaning |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer groaning=Stimulus |
| 2 | **remember** | past | God | God's covenant |  |  |  | with Abraham and Jacob; with Isaac | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent covenant=Theme |
| 3 | **covenant** |  | God |  |  |  |  | with Abraham and Jacob; with Isaac | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: poss=agent with=obl with=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶת־נַאֲקָתָ֑ם וַיִּזְכֹּ֤ר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־בְּרִית֔וֹ אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֖ם אֶת־יִצְחָ֥ק וְאֶֽת־יַעֲקֹֽב׃

[Exodus 2:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.2.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:51` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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