--- title: Exodus 18:18 (JPS 1917) — Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with… · tree and pragmatics description: Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee; for the thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone. Who acts: Thou, people, thing. Exodus 18:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.518/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/18/) / [18:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.18/) / JPS 1 # Exodus 18:18 · JPS 1917 Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee; for the thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone. **Who acts:** Thou, people, thing · **What happens:** wear away, be, not be, perform · **To what, where:** thing This is Exodus 18:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, people, thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:518 # text = Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee; for the thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone. 1 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 nsubj _ _ 2 wilt will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 surely surely ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 wear wear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 away away ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 both both CCONJ CC _ 8 cc:preconj _ _ 8 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 1 appos _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 det _ _ 12 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 13 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 12 acl:relcl _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 18 for for SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 22 too too ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 advcl _ _ 24 for for ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 23 obl _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 27 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 30 nsubj _ _ 28 art be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 cop _ _ 29 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 30 advmod _ _ 30 able able ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 parataxis _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 perform perform VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 xcomp _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 thyself thyself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch 32 obl _ _ 35 alone alone ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: warn - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=warn, polarity=neg | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **wear away** | future | Thou | | | | | surely *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | this people | | | | | with thee | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | present | the thing | | | | | for thee; heavy *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **is** | present | thou | | | | | able *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **perform** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | thing | | | | thyself *obl*; alone *property* | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} נָבֹ֣ל תִּבֹּ֔ל גַּם־אַתָּ֕ה גַּם־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עִמָּ֑ךְ כִּֽי־כָבֵ֤ד מִמְּךָ֙ הַדָּבָ֔ר לֹא־תוּכַ֥ל עֲשֹׂ֖הוּ לְבַדֶּֽךָ׃ [Exodus 18:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:518` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 18:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.517/) - next →: [Exodus 18:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.519/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 18:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.18/)